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Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is commonly called dry eye. This is a very apt name since the condition results from lack of proper tear production so that the eye has a dry and sore appearance.
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These tumours are polyp-like growths with a narrow base or a stalk. Some are nodular overgrowths secondary to inflammation but others are benign or malignant cancers of the glands found in this area.
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Albumin is an important protein found in the bloodstream. It is not normally present in the urine of healthy dogs and cats. Microalbuminuria refers to the presence of small quantities of albumin in the urine.
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This is a tick borne disease caused by certain bacteria (Rickettsiae) that invade circulating white blood cells.
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Tumours of the cortex of the adrenal glands may be overgrowths (hyperplasias) or benign (non-spreading) or malignant (spreading) cancers. Usually they are producing hormones that will have secondary clinical effects elsewhere in the body.
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Tumours of the medulla of the adrenal glands may be hyperplasias (non-cancerous cell overgrowths) or be cancerous. Few are diagnosed until late in the disease because, unlike tumours of the adrenal cortex, medullary tumours do not produce clinical signs.
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Epilepsy refers to a condition resulting in recurrent fits or seizures (convulsions) which arise from a non-progressive brain disorder.
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Today many forms of epilepsy in our pets can be successfully controlled by the use of anticonvulsant drugs. These are often needed for long periods of time, usually for life and can have side effects.
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An epulis is a benign oral tumour that affects the gum. It arises from the periodontal ligament which lines the tooth cavity and surrounds the tooth.
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These are non-specific clinical signs and can be caused by many different conditions and diseases.
